17大学英语B类初赛答案.FIT).pdf
17大学英语B类初赛答案.FIT).pdf
2017 National English Competition for College Students (Level B - Preliminary) 参考答案及作文评分标准 Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks) Section A (5 marks) 1—5 CADBB Section B (10 marks) 6—10 TFFTF 11—15 CADCC Section C (5 marks) 16—20 BABCD Section D (10 marks) Dictation 21. interfere with; 22. readily; 23. a handful of; 24. extensive research; 25. manufacture and disposal; Summary 26. originality and creativity; 27. authorship; 28. musical compositions; 29. without permission; 30. designs and slogans; Part II Vocabulary & Grammar (15 marks) 31—35 ABACD 36—40 DBDAB 41—45 DBCAB Part III Cloze (10 marks) 46. opportunity; 51. renovated; 47. Heritage; 48. where; 52. a; 53. mountainous; 49. freshest; 54. extinction; 50. ingredient; 55. without; Part IV Reading Comprehension (35 marks) Section A (5 marks) 56. Symptoms; 57. a single disease; 58. molecular appearance; 59. severe limitation; 60. immune response; Section B (10 marks) 61—65 CGADE Section C (10 marks) 66. By doing so, they can keep boredom at bay/will not feel bored. 67. People with views few residents share can feel powerless and isolated. 68. In civic engagements/matters. 69. Most people in Meghalaya only know the old ways and they prefer their old ways of life. 70. To show that society can take many different forms. - 1 - Section D (10 marks) 71. optimism and hope; 72. rebellious; 73. summit; 74. unworthy of; 75. complexity and diversity; Part V Translation (15 marks) Section A (5 marks) 76. 根据上周二发布的一项报告，尽管雾霾严重，但是北京仍凭借其“软环境”成为毕业生找工作的首选 之地。中国首都/北京因其社会环境、经济发展、基础设施、消费习惯及国际化氛围，仍是求职者的首 选。尽管大都市仍是求职者的首选，不过在过去的三年里，已经有越来越多的大学毕业生在地级市甚 至更小的城市工作。 Section B (10 marks) 77. Fortunately, Britain still has a world-leading export industry—higher education. 78. These institutions ensure that the most outstanding faculty members do their fair share of teaching and provide extensive support for financially poor students. 79. If Prime Minister Theresa May is keen on every single person having the chance to be all they want to be, she should look after the institutions that do most to lift people up. 80. Because the government insists on counting these students as immigrants and is trying to cut the number of immigrants. 81. These countries must have feared that the weak pound would give UK蒺s education a competitive boost. Part VI Error Correction (10 marks) Our history includes many great scientists. They increased our knowledge but 82. and the most people in the West believed that the Earth was the center of the universe 84. the changed our ideas about the world and our role for it. Some of these changes were 83. fundamental and scientists call them paradigm shifts. Before Copernicus蒺 time, and that everything else revolved around it. His theory showed that the sun was the center of the system. Isaac Newton made a mechanical description of the universe and wrote laws of motion and gravitation and this led to the industry revolution. Max Planck gave us the Quantum Theory. Albert Einstein explained, among other 85. in 姨 86. industrial things, that anything comes from the same energy, and that we are all parts of the same whole. All of these theories expanded the limits of our mind and opened夷new era of understanding. In some cases, however, the application of new knowledges 87. everything 88. a has also caused destruction. History teaches us that opposites are inherently in 89. knowledge 90. inherent experience rapid changes. Perhaps we are in the process of a new paradigm shift. 91. experiencing nature—we construct and destroy, believe and doubt. At the moment we are Part VII IQ Test (5 marks) 92. Tuesday. 解析：按照倒序来推理，就会很容易得出答案。 93. 16, 18. - 2 - 解析：16 和 18 调换顺序后，第一组数组依次为+21, +24, +27, +30 得来的；第二组数字为+20,+24, + 28, +32 得来的。 94. dry, set. 解析：paint dries, concrete sets. 颜料变干；水泥凝固。 95. Delaware. 解析：重新排列组合后，只能组成一个美国的州，即德拉华州。 96. C. 解析：将前两个图形的相同位置叠加， 如果颜色一样则第三个图形的相同位置为白色，如果颜色不同， 则为黑色。 Part VIII Writing (30 marks) (Omitted) 作文评分标准： 一、评分原则： 1. 本题满分为 I 10 分；II 20 分，按四个档次给分。 确定或调整 2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量， 本档次，最后给分。 3. I 词数少于 100 词或多于 140 的， II 词数少于 140 或多于 180 的，从总分中减去 2 分。 4. 如书写较差，以致影响阅卷，将分数降低一档。 二、各档次给分范围和要求 第四档（很好）： I 9-10 分；II 16-20 分 完全符合写作格式的要求，覆盖多个内容要点，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性很好，基本上无词汇 和语法错误。 第三档（好）：I 6-8 分；II 11-15 分 基本符合写作格式的要求，有个别地方表达思想不够清楚，文字基本通顺、连贯，有少量词汇和语法 错误。 第二档（一般）： I 3-5 分； II 6-10 分 未恰当完成写作格式的要求，漏掉内容要点，表达思想不清楚，文字多处出现词汇和语法错误，影响 了对写作内容的理解。 第一档（差）：I 1-2 分；II 1-5 分 未完成写作格式的要求，明显遗漏主要内容，表达思想紊乱，有较多词汇和语法的重大错误，未能将 信息传达给读者。 0分 白卷；作文与题目毫不相关； 内容太少，无法评判；所写内容无法看清。 - 3 - 2017 National English Competition for College Students (Level B - Preliminary) 听力录音原文 Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks) Section A (5 marks) In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. A t the end of each conversation, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. 1. W: This package includes round-trip flights to Denver and a free airport pick-up. M: Sounds good! What is the hotel that we will be staying at like? W: Your hotel is actually an old country villa that has been restored and refurbished. Included in the price is three meals a day, excluding beverages. M: Wow! This sounds like something my wife would really enjoy! 2. W: Obviously children today are exposed to too much advertising. It should be restricted in children蒺s programs. M: But understanding the role of marketing is essential to children蒺s growing up. W: That蒺s nonsense! Advertising can only tempt children to eat junk food. M: Food advertising certainly has an effect on children蒺s preferences, buying behavior and consumption, but the effect could just as easily be positive as negative. 3. M: I would like some information for requesting a loan. W: Very well, here are the general terms of our loan policies. We pride ourselves in having the lowest interest rate for personal loans. M: It sounds good, but there蒺s just one problem. I have a terrible credit score. W: That蒺s a very serious problem, you see, the bank must assess your personal information, past loans, assets and other relevant information such as your credit score in order to approve your loan. M: You know what? I don蒺t really need the money. Thanks anyway! 4. W: Why is eco-tourism rapidly developing? M: The holiday and leisure industry now too often is about exploiting our resources, and we蒺ve all seen the damage it can do to the local environment. In the end, the very things that attracted the tourists may be lost. W: So what is eco-tourism? M: Eco -tourism is sustainable tourism. It蒺s about preserving these assets for future generations. Tourists have to respect local environments and adapt to the local lifestyle rather than vice-versa. 5. M: I蒺m planning to quit this job and go back to work in my hometown after the Spring Festival. - 4 - W: Why is that? M: Well, the hustle and bustle of the city is really difficult to handle. W: I understand your position. Perhaps you蒺ll feel much better with your family around. Section B (10 marks) In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. A t the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the questions and make your answers on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. Conversation One Listen to the conversation, and mark each statement as either true (T) or false (F) according to your listening. M: How did you become a flight attendant? W: I had a group interview first and I was singled out. Then I passed a one-on-one interview, and finally went on to my training. M: What kind of training did you have? W: First week was all about customer service and relations, and then during four weeks蒺 safety training, I got to know how to deal with fires, evacuations, water landing, and passengers蒺 first-aid. M: Tell me, what do you think are the good and bad sides of the job? W: Good sides, obviously I get to see the world pretty much for free. Bad sides, it蒺s really grueling on your social life. It蒺s more like a way of living than a job. M: Passengers often think that fastening seat belts on board is really unnecessary. Is that true? W: Not at all. When the plane is taxiing on the runway and the pilot suddenly puts the brakes on, passengers can be thrown out of their seats. And during the flight if there蒺s sudden and severe turbulence, you could be thrown all over the cabin if you aren蒺t wearing your seat belt. M: Should we really listen to the safety information? W: Definitely, especially about emergency exits. If there蒺s a fire on a plane, it may be dark and the plane will be full of smoke and fumes. Working out which one is the nearest exit to you might save your life. Conversation Two Listen to the conversation, and mark each question as A , B, C or D according to your listening. W: Costs at four-year public schools posted the smallest increase in more than 30 years, up 2.9 percent. It just got more expensive to go to public college and university in the United States more slowly, right? M: Exactly. This is the smallest increase we蒺ve seen in a couple of decades, but that蒺s on a larger base. We蒺re still talking about several hundred dollars on the average public college tuition. W: Prices in the economy went up 1.7 percent last year. College went up 2.9 percent. What蒺s been driving the much faster increases in the cost of buying a college education? M: Well, unlike most other pieces of the economy, where technology has reduced the number of people you need, you still need one professor to teach 20 students, just like you did in 1980. W: The high school graduation rates are going up. This is a pretty big generational cohort. There蒺re still a lot of kids looking for seats in colleges, aren蒺t there? M: There蒺re still a lot. But it depends where you live. And there蒺re a lot of colleges in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast where high school graduation rates are actually falling because of demographics. And there蒺re - 5 - not as many colleges in the West and the South, where those rates are increasing. W: Are we opening up a national conversation to look at radically different ways of paying for school, reducing some of the pressure on parents? M: Well, I think we definitely are. We蒺re going to look at new ways of delivering college courses through technology and other ways. On the other side, you蒺re going to see income-based contingent loans, where students can pay a piece of their income after college toward their loans. W: There蒺re even some suggestions that it not be four years anymore, aren蒺t there? M: There are. And there蒺re ways of doing this. We base learning on how much time somebody spends in a seat. There蒺s nothing magical about four years of college and 120 credits for a bachelor蒺s degree. And so there蒺s a move now towards competency-based education and in some cases, you can finish college in less than four years. Section C (5 marks) In this section, you will hear five short news items. Each item will be read only once. A fter each item, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. 16. On Sunday night, romantic musical comedy “La La Land”swept the 74th Golden Globe Awards. The movie, which stars Ryan Gosling and Emma Stone, set a record by winning seven awards in every category it was nominated in, including best motion picture—musical or comedy and the best director award for Damien Chazelle. The film also took home the awards for best screenplay, best score and respective acting awards for Gosling and Stone. Prior to Sunday, the record for most Golden Globes for a single movie was six, shared by 1975蒺s One Flew Over the Cuckoo蒺s Nest and 1978蒺s Midnight Express. 17. As president-elect Trump continues to flesh out his administration he蒺s sending strong signals to China in the process. According to Reuters, Trump has packed his trade team with veterans of the US steel wars with China. This could potentially signal a more aggressive relationship between the two countries. Trump often complained about China while on the campaign trail and promised to take a stronger stance than previous presidents when trading with the communist country. Trump蒺s potential trade team is led by Wilbur Ross, a steel billionaire and Trump蒺s top pick for commerce secretary. China has already warned that new tariffs would result in retaliation against US companies. 18. A car bomb killed at least 13 people and wounded dozens more near the Turkish border. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights added the bomb targeted a building used by a rebel group in the northern Syrian town of Azaz. The building was being used as a security office. A political officer with the group who controls the building, stated the death toll is higher, indicating that 13 of the dead were fighters with the group. Yasser al-Yousef added a total of 25 people died from the bombing. Azaz is under the control of multiple rebel groups, which have been in fighting among each other in recent months. 19. In 2016, “powerball”was the top trending term on Google and “Prince”came in second. The surge in “powerball”searches happened in January when the jackpot reached more than $1 billion. “Prince”was searched for the most in April when he passed away unexpectedly. On Google News, “Olympics”and “Elections”were the most searched -for terms, with eight of the top 10 people searches being either Olympic athletes or presidential candidates. Google is the most used search engine in the world, so it - 6 - gives a pretty good idea of what people are looking at. 20. According to a new study by the World Health Organization, smoking already costs the global economy more than 1 trillion dollars a year. By 2030, it will also kill one third more people than it does now. The cost of smoking “far outweighs global revenue from tobacco taxes”, which is estimated to be about 269 billion dollars from 2013 to 2014. The study determined that tobacco-related deaths will increase from 6 million to 8 million by 2030. More than 80 percent of those deaths will occur in low and middle income countries. Section D (10 marks) In this section, you will hear two short passages. The passages will be read only once. A fter each passage, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, write the answers on the answer sheet. Dictation Listen to the passage. For questions 21-25, fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. Chemicals are added to a huge variety of products to give them certain properties. Many of these common chemicals are toxic to mammals and other animals. For example, one class of chemicals, called alkylphenols, can interfere with hormone systems and growth. Alkylphenols are often found in shampoo. Not only are these chemicals toxic, but they do not readily biodegrade. In other words, they will be on our planet for a very, very long time. Chemicals with a combination of these properties are commonly known as “Persistent Organic Pollutants,”or POPs. The combined effect of POPs on our health and on the environment is increasingly being studied and recognized. Some work has been done to control the use of POPs, but only a handful of chemicals fall under current government controls. Additionally, companies don蒺t label their products with their chemical components, so consumers must do extensive research to learn about them. Contrary to popular belief, POPs don蒺t stay locked away inside of the materials where they are used. These chemicals can escape and enter the soil during manufacture and disposal. In fact, it now seems that no part of the planet is free of chemicals. Summary Listen to the passage. For questions 26 -30, complete the notes using no more than three words for each blank. Patents are sometimes used to help inventors, owners, artists, etc. protect a special type of property known as “intellectual property”. Intellectual property is defined as “the product of a person or company蒺s originality and creativity” . There are, however, additional ways to protect different kinds of intellectual property. Two of these ways are copyrights and trademarks. Copyrights protect “original works of authorship” . This would include something creative that is written down or presented visually. Such things as books, musical compositions, paintings, and even movies and architecture can all be protected by copyrights. While typical patents may only last a short time and then need to be re -registered, for most written works, the copyright lasts for the life of the author plus 50 years. After this time has passed, the works are no longer protected by the copyright. They are then classified as part of the “public domain” , and anyone can copy or use them without permission. Trademarks, on the other hand, protect product designs and slogans that a business uses to distinguish its product from other companies蒺 products. Once a trademark is used by a company, no other company can use it again for its own purposes. This is the end of the listening part. Please transfer your answers to the answer sheet. - 7 -